Recuperacion Ecologica Essays - DraftJardn Botnico De La Paz

Recuperacion Ecologica La civilizacion moderna, Mesopotamia Origen 2 rios Figis y Eufrates period un inmenso humedal - ecosistema rico (arabes de los humedales) se adapta su cabana a la isla Ecologia de restauracion.- Surgio como campo separado de la ecologia en la decada de 1980. Es el estudio cientifico de apoyo a la practica de la restauracion ecologica, practica restauracion de los ecosistemas y natural surroundings degradados, danados o destruidos por la accion humana. Equilibrio de la naturaleza Estado peak - ecosistema llega a su estado last Restaurar que? Una respuesta aceptada es que la restauracion significa de un ecosistema a su rango historico de variacion y de la capacidad de sostenerse a si mismo y sus funciones esenciales, incluyendo el ciclo de los elementos quimicos, el flujo de energia y el mantenimiento de la diversidad biologica que existia anteriormente Que ecosistema necesitan restauracion? Los rios, los bosques, esteros, humedales Se comprueba risks de la intervencion como referentes historico Incendio - disturbio common que debe ocurrir para comenzar de nuevo Common - semilla necesitan de fuego para germinar Incendio provocado - problema Inundacion Cuando se recupera, se hace mas adaptado Sucesion ecologica Desde lo mas pequeno an un estado de peak Sucesion primaria - cuando un ecosistema nace de donde no existe un origen. Sucesion secundaria - Un disturbio y de ese sistema va saliendo nuevas especies adaptado al entorno y se recupera. Patrones de sucesion: Es - se propone su recuperacion 1era especia, mas pequena, mas adaptada Para restaurar un ecosistema es importante entender lo que hace una especie al reemplazar otra durante el proceso de sucesion. Si entendemos estas causas y efectos podemos utilizarlos para restaurar los ecosistemas. Especies en la sucesion puede interactuar de 3 maneras. Facilitacion.- especie pequena que crea situacion para originar nuevas especies. Interferencia.- Especie que existe en vez de ayudar, interfiere an otra especie que quiera venir. Diferencia de historia de vida.- Dos especies en un lugar interactuan, pero no tiene que ver ni una con la otra, origenes distintos pero no puede venir por el agua y el otro por el viento. Agregacion Cronica Cuando especie no interactua Riesgos naturales Peliculas - Catastrofe de la tierra naturaleza salvaje Factor limitante = especies que tendra funciones limitadas Porcentaje: 0.007 Riesgos: Precipitacion No es causa common Radiacion absorbida por la atmosfera Ley constitucion politica Texto unificado de legalizacion secundaria de medio Pelicula: ser optimista Ciudades jardin Desarrollo sostenible Sostenibles Se deriva del bien sustentable Significa mantener apoyo soporta Decada de los 80, ha utilizado mas de sostenibilidad humana en el planeta tierra y esto ha dado lugar a la definicion mas ampliamente citado en la sostenibilidad como parte del concepto de desarrollo sostenible, la comision Brundchand de las Naciones Unidas el 20/03/1987, Noruega. El desarrollo sostenible es el desarrollo que satisface las necesidades del presente sin comprometer la capacidad de las generaciones futuras para satisfacer sus propias necesidades. Huella Ecologica.- Impacto que obtenga en el ambiente concepto para promocionar el desarrollo sostenible mediante la reduccion de los insumos utilizados para la produccion. Asi cuanto menor ocean la cantidad de insumos utilizados en la produccion de una unidad de productos, tanto civic chairman ocean la productividad entendida tambien como la eficiencia en la produccion. Reducir al maximo la cantidad de insumo para producir algo Una desmaterializacion a largo plazo puede sostener la economia en un modelo de desarrollo sostenible. Ningun recurso renovable debera utilizarse an un ritmo predominant al de su generacion Ningun recurso no renovable debera aprovecharse a civic chairman velocidad de la necesitada para sustituirlos por un recurso renovable utilizado de manera sostenible Ningun contaminante debera producirse an un ritmo predominant al que pueda ser reciclado, reutilizado o absorbido por el medio ambiente - pesticidas - residuos domesticos - gasolina Critica.- La economia ecologica la pone en discusion basandose en la paradoja de Jevons que dice que la civic chairman eficiencia debido a las mejores tecnicas eran un efecto rebote, o ocean los ahorros de energia/materiales por unidad de producto reducen los costos con lo que aumenta el consumo. Al last el incremento de ventas, a uso contrarrestara el ahorro inicial Unos ejemplos practicos sobre desmaterializacion child los usos compartidos de productos. Vehicle share - empresa en ciudades que tienen carro para alquiler. 81% si les gusta 63% personas si queda compartir su carro con otra que no conoce El alquiler o renta de lavadora, camaras de fotos y fotocopiadoras y otros

Mendelian Genetics Essay Example

Mendelian Genetics Essay Example Mendelian Genetics Essay Mendelian Genetics Essay Mendelian Genetics * Pea plants have a few preferences for hereditary qualities. * Pea plants are accessible in numerous assortments with unmistakable heritable highlights (characters) with various variations (characteristics). * Another favorable position of peas is that Mendel had exacting power over which plants mated with which. * Each pea plant has male (stamens) and female (carpal) sexual organs. * In nature, pea plants commonly self-prepare, treating ova with their own sperm. * However, Mendel could likewise move dust from one plant o another to cross-fertilize plants. * In a commonplace reproducing test, Mendel would cross-fertilize (hybridize) two differentiating, genuine rearing pea assortments. * The genuine rearing guardians are the P age and their half and half posterity are the F1 age. * Mendel would then permit the F1 half and halves to self-fertilize to deliver a F2 age. * It was for the most part Mendel’s quantitative examination of F2 plants that uncovered th e two crucial standards of heredity: the law of isolation and the law of free combination. 2. By the law of isolation, the two alleles for a characters are bundled into independent gametes * If the mixing model were right, the F1 half and halves from a hybrid of purple-blossomed and white-bloomed pea plants would have pale purple blossoms. * Instead, the F1 half and halves all have purple blossoms, only a purple as the purple-bloomed guardians. * When Mendel permitted the F1 plants to self-treat, the F2 age included both purple-blossomed and white-bloomed plants. * The white characteristic, missing in the F1, returned in the F2. * Based on an enormous example size, Mendel ecorded 705 purple-blossomed F2 plants and 224 white-bloomed F2 plants from the first cross. Vocab: * Character â€heritable component * Trait †every variation for a character * True-reproducing †plants that self-fertilize all posterity are a similar assortment * Monohybrid cross †a cross that tracks the legacy of a solitary character * P age †(parental) genuine rearing * F1-(first duti ful) posterity of P age * F2 †(second obedient) posterity from F1 cross * Allele-substitute adaptation of a quality * Dominate allele †communicated in the heterozygote Recessive allele †not communicated in the heterozygote * Homozygote †pair of indistinguishable alleles for a character * Homozygous prevailing BB * Homozygous passive bb * Heterozygote †two distinct alleles for a character (Bb) * Genotype †hereditary cosmetics * Phenotype †appearance of a life form Law of Segregation the two alleles for each character isolate during gamete creation Law of Independent Assortment †Each arrangement of alleles isolates autonomously Test cross †intended to uncover the genotype of a creature

Olympic Games Essay Example

Olympic Games Essay I. Presentation Thesis articulation: Hosting Olympic Games in London are useful for the social and financial improvement of the host city and the entire area. II. Body A. The monetary worries of London 2012 are more subtle than business profits by the games 1. Costs on the Games a. 1976 Olympic Games for instance of money related catastrophe b. Multiple times increment of unique spending c. Expanding obligation weight of London city 2. Monetary advantages and heritage of London 2012 a. Direct incomes from facilitating the Olympics as indicated by LondonNet . Blakes investigation of Games’ impact on both GDP of London and UK c. Value Waterhouse Coopers report on the reasons of the development d. Financial advantages of the Olympics to the travel industry e. Financial conjecture on the travel industry of VisitBritain f. Recovery of the speculation profile as indicated by Matthewman B. The enhancements of the travel industry and transport framework will assist with keeping away f rom promlems in this field and advance the improvement of the district 1. Extra burden on Londons the travel industry foundation and transport frameworks a. English Hospitality Associations proposal b. Danger to basic Londoner’s lifestyle and business movement c. Analysis of transport framework by IOC 2. Changes in the open vehicle framework since the underlying offer a. Olympic Javelin, and heritage of different enhancements b. Effect of the recovery of Stratford on framework of east London c. Most recent vehicle technique of the Mayor d. ?2bn honor of visitor income on infrastructural enhancements C. The Games will advance social upgrades, for example, sound way of life and social mindfulness . Brian Martins contentions against Olympic Games 2. Boris Johnson’s see on social and social effect of the Games 3. The effect of the Games as indicated by London2012 III. End To finish up, the monetary, social and non-material advantages of facilitating Olympic Games in London clearly overweight the counter-proves in the budgetary and foundation circles. The discussions about the need of the forthcoming Summer Olympic Games in Lond on are generally talked about by legislative issues and financial analysts in Britain, however in the entire world. We will compose a custom exposition test on Olympic Games explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Olympic Games explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Olympic Games explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer This issue is significant in light of the fact that it assists with understanding the central inspirations to have the Olympic Games just as the other Mega occasions and assess their positive results the host city and nation with no predisposition. An assortment of contentions, remembering the assessment of the uses for this occasion, along with the social and infrastructural concerns, financial and social effect will be offered about this issue. It will at that point set forward explanations behind facilitating Summer Olympic Games in London in 2012 on account of the advantages in both monetary and social zones. It is regularly contended that facilitating the Olympic Games is an over the top expensive advance regarding cash spent on building framework for both athletes and onlookers of the Games. Presently, numerous adversaries of holding the Games state that the simply conceivable money related misfortunes are the purpose behind crossing out of the Games. One of the most clear scaring instances of budgetary issues brought about by such occasions are the 1976 Olympic Games, when inadequately oversaw Games’ improvement caused the insolvency of the city when work had fallen a long ways bogged down, just as the obligations had been released just 30 years after the Games. Concerning London Games, there is an inclination of forever expanding the financial plan of the games. As Lea sees the expressions of previous 2012 Games boss (2008), London 2012 could cost ? 20billion, which is multiple times unique financial plan, increased â€Å"because of the land and security issues†. In this way, these costs may become unmanageable obligations for London, particularly considering the way that private segment is hesitant to put into the Games’ framework since the start of the downturn. In the interim, London needs to expand its obligation trouble fundamentally because of the costs on both emergency the board and building framework. Be that as it may, there can be a variety of financial advantages of facilitating this occasion. In like manner, the monetary advantages incorporate the immediate incomes from the Olympics, financial development as a result of the expanded open doors for private segment from the Games, expanded abilities of workforce on account of volunteer projects, notwithstanding restoring the travel industry and ventures. Direct incomes from holding Games, as the contention goes, are the most clear and effortlessly determined; in this manner these advantages were showed in advance. In particular, about â€Å"0. 75 billion pounds will be raised from the National Lottery†¦ and 0. billion pounds will originated from the TOP The Olympic Sponsor Program and the offer of TV rights, 0. 45 billion pounds will be gathered through nearby sponsorship and authority suppliers†¦ while 0. 3 billions will be supported from ticket deals revenues† (London Net, 2007). Other than the immediate advantages, the conceivable effect of the Games on the GDP of London and UK can likewise be determined in a specific way. Blake (2005) made a complete examination of the financial outcomes of London Olympics and proposed that the absolute UK GDP in the period from 2005 to 2016 may be expanded by 1. billion pounds for each year while London’s GDP would thoroughly gather 5. 9 billions pounds because of the impact of the Games and open doors for organizations to utilize the new plug space of the Olympic Park after the Olympics. Likewise, as per Price Waterhouse Coopers report (2005), 2. 1 billion pounds of additional income will be brought to the economy of UK by 7. 9 million onlookers and up-skilling of 70,000 volunteers, notwithstanding the backhanded incomes of private division. Albeit, both of the sources note the significance of appropriate arranging so as to accomplish these objectives and maintain a strategic distance from the potential disadvantages. What's more, facilitating Olympic and Paralympics Games implies clear financial advantages to the travel industry from both the improved exposure and picture of the goal and basically expanded the quantity of the guests. One model is the figure of VisitBritain (2007), as indicated by which the travel industry increases because of the Olympic Games will produce 2. 34 billions pounds for the UK economy during the period 2007-17. Additionally, Stevens propose that ill-advised direct of guests’ gathering may prompt the misfortunes for the business, rather than the advantages. Notwithstanding boosting the travel industry, London Olympics can likewise be a decent open door for the recovery of the venture profile of both London and UK. Matthewman, et al. , (2009) sums up that holding Olympic Games augments the degree of Foreign Direct Investment, and impacts longer term interest in the host city and district, on account of improved foundation and expanded detectable quality of the locale. It is satisfied that transportation and the travel industry framework will be over-burden in light of Olympic Games in London. As this conflict goes further, such super occasion as Olympic Games consistently implies the flood of athletes, writers, pros and the unimportant observers of the occasion and London, perhaps the busiest city on the planet, must be set up for the extra burden on its foundation, open transportation, just as the general congestion of the Londons East End, the principle zone of the Olympic Games. Notwithstanding the worries over transportation framework, there are a few indications of the forthcoming settlement deficiency during the Olympic Games. English Hospitality Association (2007) noticed that London is going to confront an apparent deficiency of lodgings to oblige if extraordinary measures are not actualized. Along these lines, numerous adversary of facilitating the Games in London propose that there can be foundation breakdown in London during the Olympic Games; in this way Londoner’s ongoing lifestyle and business is under the danger. The vehicle framework and stuffed lodgings of London came in for analysis since the underlying assessment of International Olympic Committee, which is the motivation behind why there are not kidding worries about â€Å"how the open vehicle foundation in London will hold up to the deluge of people†. Along these lines, numerous pundits set forward this contention and propose that during about fourteen days of the 2012 Olympics congested roads and over-burden of open vehicle will make harm business movement of the city and its picture. Be that as it may, the coordinators of London 2012 had rolled out significant improvements in the open vehicle framework since the underlying offer, including the improvement and extension of the London metro, just as the rapid rail administration called Olympic Javelin (Hinton, 2009). All the upgrades, as the contention is illustrated besides, will be valuable for London during the Olympic Games, yet in addition after them. Hilton makes an accentuation on the gigantic effect of the infrastructural significant improvement or alleged â€Å"the recovery of Stratford† in east London, which move monetary and social action in this immature area of the city. Moreover, the experience of the most recent occasions, for example, Vancouver Olympics, likewise helped the authorities in the upgrade of the open vehicle framework, notwithstanding the friendliness business, as Beard (2010) says. He additionally feels that â€Å"thanks to the most recent vehicle system gave by the Mayor†¦ London will be prepared to have remarkable Games with progress of other key vehicle conspires effectively well underway†. In addition, the proper and fit technique for the Olympics 2012 presently is bolstered by the larger part the organizations en

Interviewing for the Future Essay Example for Free

Meeting for the Future Essay Meeting is considered by numerous individuals to be a craftsmanship. As a juvenile, I never got the opportunity to talk with somebody previously and it truly caused me to need to open myself to the world outside of my usual range of familiarity. Being just eighteen years of age, I needed to investigate my future vocation way somewhat more inside and out from someone who knows the field. I decided to do my meeting on somebody I respected off grounds who works in my field of intrigue. As a rookie in school, most understudies don’t know which heading they need to go in, the vast majority of them are undeclared. After entering CCSU this fall I, as well, was undeclared; notwithstanding, as of late I found that I needed to work in the field of dentistry. I noticed that I needed to converse with a specialist, someone who had been in the field for a long time so I could get a solid handle on what daily in-the-existence resembled. I concluded that I needed to know more on the field and led a meeting with Lyudmila Adamitskaya, a dental hygienist at Smiles for the Future a pediatric dental specialist office in Glastonbury, CT. Before I chose to lead the real meeting, I did some fundamental foundation look into on Smiles for the Future. I took a gander at their organization site to get a feeling of what the climate resembled. After I got the general thought of what the pediatric dentistry field was comparative as well, I conceptualized an assortment of inquiries. I needed to comprehend what it resembled for Lyudmila and what the workplace resembled. I had definitely known a considerable amount about the genuine field itself, yet I needed to discover things about the pediatric dentistry field that an individual couldn’t read about in Chemistry books or through Anatomy addresses. I needed to find why she preferred her activity and what she didn’t like about her activity. I wanted to know the hindrances she needed to survive and if her desires were satisfied from what she had seen them to be while in school. From the outset I couldn’t locate the correct words to write down before the meeting. From the in class article we read â€Å"The Art of Interviewing† I removed a main issue that truly stood apart to me, â€Å"Substance is ground-breaking to direct an important interview† (Foster 1). This statement truly hopped off the page for me since it made me imagine that in the event that I didn’t have the inquiries I needed replied, at that point what was the purpose of doing the meeting? This point positively got me to conceptualize for a significant long time to get the correct inquiries. I removed another point from the exposition, â€Å"If the questioner as of now speculates what substance is coming then why lead the interview?† (Foster 1). This affirmation made me truly focus on questions I couldn't in any way, shape or form know the responses to, with the goal that my meeting would be significant to me and not only an exercise in futility. I realized that going into the meeting, I would have been apprehensive however I had no clue what would occur. On the evening of September 24th, 2012 I strolled into the beautiful pediatric office of Smiles for the Future in Glastonbury, CT. I tensely held up until Mrs. Lyudmila Adamitskaya was done with a little young lady who looked as though she were around six or seven years of age. I glanced around at my environmental factors and saw many toys tossed about the lounge area. Typically, this wouldn’t trouble me, I love working with kids; be that as it may, today appeared to be changed. I couldn’t place what it was that disturbed me such a great amount about this yet I was unexpectedly pulled out of my fantasy like state when Mrs. Adamitskaya welcomed me with a warm and happy â€Å"Hello!† The principal thing I saw about her was her splendid purple scours. Her hair was conveniently tied back and she had an expert, yet benevolent, manner about her. We shook hands quickly and she welcomed me to return to the, into room six. She welcomed me to sit in the patient’s seat, which was essentially littler than I was and we shared a short ice-breaking chuckle at the circumstance. She asked me how old I was and I revealed to her I was eighteen and leading the meeting for my English class. I likewise disclosed to her how I was thinking about going into the field of pediatric dentistry. Quickly, I saw her face light up and I grinned at the amount I could tell just from that straightforward non-verbal communication she truly making the most of her activity. I opened up the meeting with the most fundamental inquiry I could consider; what made you need to turn into a dental hygienist? She delayed quickly, attempting to scan for the correct words, a confused at this point loosened up appearance all over. At last she expressed with a tremendous grin, â€Å"I consistently needed to work in the clinical field or dental field to have any kind of effect in people’s oral and by and large health† (Adamitskaya). Simply that announcement alone disclosed to me a large portion of what I had to think about Mrs. Adamitskaya’s demeanor towards her patients, yet towards all individuals. The announcement disclosed to me that she truly minded how individuals were doing and she needed to have any kind of effect in the network. I apprehensively checked out the room at little plush toys and butterfly backdrop and asked, â€Å"Do you like your work environment?† Mrs. Adamitskaya looked diminished and somewhat less under tension. She immediately ventured again into the perky lady I initially had seen and stated, â€Å"I love my workplace since I get the chance to work with astounding specialists and colleagues who devote their work and information to improve and teach individuals about oral health† (Adamitskaya). This truly livened my advantage that she felt so firmly about the field and how much her primary care physicians and colleagues thought about different patients as much as she did. I needed to know all the more so I included â€Å"Do you like your activity? What’s the best and most exceedingly awful part about your job?† She looked around, took a gander at me and grinned. â€Å"I don’t like my job.† She stopped, gave me an unusual look and proceeded, â€Å"I love my activity! I love it since all that we do is for our patients and it brings positive input. It urges patients to hold returning. It’s continually remunerating to work with patients and have any kind of effect in people’s lives and construct connections. The most noticeably awful part would be the expense of medical coverage for families† (Adamitskaya). I could detect she felt awful about the condition of the economy, and quickly proceeded to talk about with me how â€Å"unfortunate it is that most families battle to put food on the table around evening time while adjusting family and school life† (Adamitskaya). At the point when I perceived how much this irritated her it made me anxious to get more data on her own experience and battles. I was apprehensive to ask from the start, yet my internal child’s interest outwitted me and I rather energetically asked â€Å"What impediments have you needed to defeat to get where you are today?† She chuckled a bit; I’m accepting at how humiliated I looked, I must’ve been somewhat flushed in light of the fact that my face felt hot as I hung tight for an answer. She gladly stated, â€Å"Going through my school years, I didn’t communicate in English until I came to America when I was 22 years of age. I was bringing up two kids, working all day for the lowest pay permitted by law at Subway to get myself through school. I was attempting to learn English and all the elements that go into a dental cleanliness program simultaneously. There were evenings I didn’t rest, however I did everything to give a superior future to my family† (Adamitskaya). It was now in the meeting I truly felt a gigantic individual association with Mrs. Lyudmila Adamitskaya. I revealed to her that I, myself, had been maintaining two sources of income and setting up myself for school full time and she essentially answered with a delicate grin, â€Å"All difficult work has rewards† (Adamitskaya). After this noteworthy statement, Mrs. Adamitskaya wasn’t simply one more dental hygienist I was talking with; she became someone I really respected. In any case, I needed to know whether all that she worked for paid off for her and if in her heart her desires were satisfied. I asked, â€Å"Were your desires satisfied when you entered your vocation field from what you figured it would resemble in college?† She enthusiastically addressed rapidly, â€Å"Yes! They were satisfied beyond a shadow of a doubt. I am satisfied with what I have accomplished in the course of the most recent ten years of functioning as a dental hygienist† (Adamitskaya). At the point when she said that her desires were satisfied, it by one way or another caused me to feel considerably more loose about the vocation way I had at long last chosen I needed to go with. I at that point asked her what her sentiment was on the business as far as employment opportunities for after I finished school. She wavered; looking nearly stressed, and stated, â€Å"It’s simpler to get low maintenance line of work instead of a full time position as a result of the economy, however it is a consistently developing field and will consistently expand† (Adamitskaya). Her words had a method of loosening up me quickly. Mrs. Lyudmila Adamitskaya was unquestionably a lady who I couldn't want anything more than to return to for a second, third or even fourth meeting with. She was amazingly genuine, kind and opened up her office ways to me in an extremely warm and benevolent condition. I expressed gratitude toward her for meeting with me, shook her hand again and revealed to her that I couldn't imagine anything better than to meet with her again later on to discuss dental cleanliness and the magnificent universe of pediatric dentistry. She snickered at my silliness and said to â€Å"stay in school.† I strolled back to my vehicle with a recently discovered trust in my capacity to talk with someone. What I detracted from this experience was not just how to meet an individual I needed to find out about, however how to go with the common progression of discussion to satisfy my own interest. I had huge amounts of inquiries arranged on paper, however I understood when I returned to my vehicle that I hadn’t posed any of the fundamental inquiries I had composed on the paper. I found that it w

E-commerce Web site evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Web based business Web website assessment - Essay Example The words vehicle and sound don't figure autonomously inside the meta labels for watchwords. This site would barely be gotten via web search tools on the off chance that somebody is searching for something as explicit as ‘car sound frameworks in Lancashire’. Google didn't. In any event not in the initial three pages of the indexed lists. The fundamental point is that the landing page neglects to pass on promptly what it is around, a significant slip by in introduction. Not a decent early introduction. However, let us take things each in turn, and attempt to assess the site from the point of view of the most significant highlights that any beneficial internet business site ought to have. The idea of ease of use, which is worried about making programming frameworks simple to learn and simple to utilize, has as of late increased expanded consideration with the turn of events and wide dispersion of end-client intelligent programming applications (Dray 1995, p. 18). Route, hyperlink situating, away from of promotion region from content zone, utilization of shading codes and progression in configuration are some of perspectives on which the convenience of a site depends. The site under assessment doesn't recognize in any case among hypertext and standard content. Despite the fact that underlining of the hyperlinks isn't important as they are put in the customary left hand route bar, the textual style and shade of the hyperlinks are actually equivalent to other content utilized in the site bringing about the feeling that the location of the firm are additionally hyperlinks. There is likewise no distinction among visited and unvisited joins. This conflicts with the nuts and bolts of site safety: The manner in which the site shows its items looks especially like the ads or organization logo that it conveys. Ad region and substance zones are not divided. The threat for this situation lies in how clients will in general sweep site pages: ‘Most broadly, clients display amazingly incredible flag visual impairment. Eye-following examinations have recorded microseconds-long

Open and Closed 12-Step Meetings

Open and Closed 12-Step Meetings Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Print Open vs. Closed 12-Step Meetings By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on September 23, 2019 Tom Merton / Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use On published schedules of 12-step meetings, some are designated as open meetings, while others are shown as closed meetings. Open meetings are open to the public while closed meetings are for members onlyâ€"however, each programs guidelines define who counts as a member.?? Closed 12-Step Meetings Alcoholics Anonymous, Al-Anon Family Groups, and Adult Children of Alcoholics meetings are generally closed meetings unless otherwise stated. Closed meetings are limited to members and prospective members only. It is up to individuals to determine if they are qualified for membership, based on the following criteria from Tradition 3 of the 12 step groups: Alcoholics Anonymous: The only requirement for A.A. membership is a desire to stop drinking.Al-Anon Family Groups: The only requirement for membership is that there be ?a  problem of alcoholism in a relative or friend.ACOA: The only requirement for membership in ACOA is a desire to recover from the effects of growing up in an alcoholic or otherwise dysfunctional family.Narcotics Anonymous: The only requirement for membership is a desire to stop using drugs.Gamblers Anonymous: The only requirement for Gamblers Anonymous membership is a desire to stop gambling.Debtors Anonymous: The only requirement for D.A. membership is a desire to stop incurring unsecured debt. Reasons for Closed 12-Step Meetings The spiritual foundation of all 12-step groups is anonymity. Members of the group can choose to attend closed meetings knowing that everyone in the meeting is guided by the groups steps and traditions, which encourages each member to maintain their own anonymity and the anonymity of others in the meeting.?? In a closed meeting, members can speak openly and honestly about their problem or situation, knowing that everyone else in the room has experienced similar situations. Open 12-Step Meetings If the meeting is an open meeting, however, members understand that there may be visitors from the public or even the media in the meeting and they conduct themselves accordingly. Usually, but not always, open meetings are speaker meetings, at which one person has been designated to speak, telling their storyâ€"what it was like, what happened, and what their life is like now. The speaker knows ahead of time that the meeting is an open meeting and there may be non-member visitors present. Open meetings are for anyone who is interested in learning more about the support group program. Open meetings can be attended by students, professionals, and other non-members interested in learning more about the recovery programs. Primary Purpose of Open Meetings The designation of a meeting as open does not change the meetings primary purpose of the group. Generally speaking, when attending one 12-step meeting, members do not mention their membership in other 12-step groups during the meeting, to keep the meeting focused on its primary purpose. If a meeting is not designated either open or closed on a published schedule, in most cases, it should be considered closed.

College Freshmen What to Do Your First Few Days On Campus

Get to Know Your Roommate, RA, and the Campus When Your Arrive at College Heading to college for the first time can be a little overwhelming. There are so many things to do, events to go to, and people to meet. Take your time and enjoy every second, but make sure you take care of everything you need to do while you’re enjoying everything you want to do! Participate Your first few days on campus will probably include freshmen orientation and welcome events. Though some of these may sound a little boring, go to all of them! Even if they are optional, you will learn things that you may find to be invaluable. If not, these are the days and the experiences that everyone goes through, and, they bond the class for the next four years. Don’t miss out; you’ll regret it later on. Say Hello Meet as many people as you can. Everyone is new, so walk up to someone and introduce yourself! Get to know your roommate and everyone on your floor, too. This is not the time to be shy. Sit down with someone new in the dining hall, join someone sitting alone in one of your classes, or stop and say hello to someone you recognize from orientation. They could become your best friend; you never know! Get to Know Your Campus Even if you’ve taken a few tours already, looking at a campus from the perspective of a student is very different. Big or small, there are definitely things explore that you may not realize are there. Stop by the rooms where all your classes will be held before the first day to ensure that you won’t get lost. This also helps you go into your first class calm and confident. Maybe take a walk to a cafà © that you heard was good, or venture off-campus and get to know the town or city that just became your home. Familiarize yourself with your surroundings and you’ll immediately feel much more comfortable (and you can ditch the map). Meet with Your Resident Advisor On your first or second day, there will probably be a floor or dorm-wide Resident Advisor meeting. Go! Not only is this a great chance to meet other students on your floor or in your building, it is a great idea to get to know your RA. Your RA is a great resource for how to make the transition into college and dorm life. They are older students so they know the good professors, the best clubs and organizations, where the good food is, and where get discount textbooks. If you ever have trouble with homesickness or with your roommate, they are the ones to ask about how to handle it. They took the job knowing that their residents would have these problems, and they want to help. So introduce yourself and get to know him or her! Make Yourself at Home With so much going on during your first few days at school, you will not want to miss anything! However, be sure to set aside time to unpack and set your dorm room up. The faster you make your space your own, the more comfortable you will feel. One classes start, you won’t have as much time to personalize your space. This is your first time at college, and you’ve worked hard for it! Don’t get too stressed too quickly, and if things don’t go exactly as you imagined, that’s okay! Remember that everyone is nervous, and life at college will feel normal before you know it. You’re going to look back and remember these days, so don’t ruin them by worrying too much. Just enjoy the start of these next four years!

I Am A Mad Genius - 982 Words

A mad genius: a person that has an extraordinarily high IQ, and is often overly â€Å"eccentric†. Scientists, and historians have been debating for years if there is a link between madness, and intelligence. Many Scientists have been proclaimed as a â€Å"mad genius.† This list includes Nicola Tesla, who is â€Å"the man that created the 20th century.† While he may be extremely intelligent, â€Å"he suffered from an extreme case of OCD, and germephopia. He also would refuse to touch anything round† (Bayne) . Tesla is the reason that I am writing this essay. I have always been a fan of him, his work, and his insanity. So is there a link between genius, and madness, or is it just a matter of chance? First, what does â€Å"madness† mean? Madness: â€Å"a state of severe mental illness, or behavior or thinking that is very foolish or dangerous† (Merriam). Basically, if you are mad, you either have a mental illness, or you are not aware of reality†¦ or both. Intellectuals have a harder time in social situations, thus leading to mental illness such as depression, anxiety, and panic attacks. However this is caused by a physical situation, and the link most scientists are looking for is a predetermined chemical, and genetic psychological link. Aside from the less severe mental illnesses, higher IQ’s also lead to a higher chance to have a case of dementia, schizophrenia, psychosis, and bipolar disorder. In some cases the genius does not have the mental illness, but their closest family does. Albert Einstein:Show MoreRelatedInsanity Essay921 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å" The distance between insanity and genius is measured only by success, â€Å" as Bruce Feir stein would say. The insane are merely the ones who are not given their chance to change the world. They are, instead, locked away before society begins to take grip on the ravings of the mad man. Genius, on the other hand, is what is created when the insane are given their time to speak out. When Renfield began to address himself to the question he was confronted with, he did so with the utmost impartiality ofRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet Essay651 Words   |  3 Pagesspeaks to the king. However it can be judged reasonable because being mad temporarily satisfies his conscience, gives him some protection from Claudius, and it buys some time for Hamlet to prove Claudius’s guilt. In the play as a whole, Hamlet’s choice to be mad characterizes him as intelligent and reveals the inner turmoil surrounding his mission to avenge his father’s death. Hamlet is labeled as a cunning and sneaky genius when he chooses to act insane and put on several performances acting likeRead MoreMadness; Real or Fake?747 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"There is no great genius without a mixture of madness,† a quote said by the famous philosopher Aristotle. There have been times in history where madness has been faked, and many times the mad person was caught, but, it is also not impossible to fake madness. This is shown in the tragic history of Hamlet written by William Shakespeare, where the title character’s madness is definitely faked. Hamlet is a genius who uses madness to develop his idea of revenge. Hamlet has admitted to faking it, notRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart1538 Words   |  7 PagesPotentially Mad, Potentially Genius: Edgar Allan Poe’s Style â€Å"True!—nervous—very, very dreadfully nervous I had been and am; but why will you say that I am mad?† Poe wrote this line in his â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† and he very well could have been speaking about himself. Many generations have debated on whether or not Edgar Allen Poe was a mad. Reviewers and readers have looked at Poe’s work for nearly two centuries, trying to pick it apart and see if it’s the ramblings of a mad man or well piecedRead MoreEdgar Allen Poe Narrative936 Words   |  4 Pagesstates Yet, mad am I not- and surely do I not dream. Poe constructs the wording of this sentence backwards- instead of I am not mad, its mad am I not- showing a contradiction to what the sentence says. Wording the sentence backwards makes the reader think the opposite of what the sentence actually says; he is mad, he is dreaming. Signs of disbelief are again shown by this unique sentence structuring for when you read the sentence, it sounds more like a question than a statement- do I not dreamRead MoreShort Story1062 Words   |  5 Pagestrained agents, a supersoldier, a rage monster, a super genius in a metal suit and a God not only fail in getting the brother of said God into custody, but also lose two of their members to him? All that in only the few days I was gone. Tony put his feet on the table, For our defence, the super genius in a metal suit was on the other team for a while before getting cognitive recalibration, which isnt really the best thing to be a super genius. Natasha continued before Fury could snap at Tony.Read MoreEssay On The Story Of Chapter 11063 Words   |  5 Pagestrained agents, a supersoldier, a rage monster, a super genius in a metal suit and a God not only fail in getting the brother of said God into custody, but also lose two of their members to him? All that in only the few days I was gone. Tony put his feet on the table, For our defence, the super genius in a metal suit was on the other team for a while before getting cognitive recalibration, which isnt really the best thing to be a super genius. Natasha continued before Fury could snap at Tony.Read MoreWas Hamlet Faking His Insanity? Essay572 Words   |  3 PagesIn Hamlet, he seems to be mad, but there is a question that everyone asks when reading or watching this play â€Å"was it, or was it not true that Hamlet was faking his insanity, really suffering, or maybe even both.† First, this is what insanity is: insanity is acting crazy, but not knowing that they’re acting crazy. Also, it’s going through a lot of stress at the same time causing you to act stranger then a normal person. Hamlet was not totally insane. It doesn’t fit. I’m not saying that HamletRead More Edgar Allen Poes The Tell-Tale Heart and the Symbolism of the Eye1221 Words   |  5 PagesEdgar Allen Poe is the genius responsible for dark, twisting, and often uncomfortably wondrous gothic tales, and one of the best is The Tell-Tale Heart. This is a classic tale of a confused man who is so incredibly bothered by his housemates eye, that he (I am assuming this sexless character is male) thinks the only solution is to resort to cold-blooded murder. Poe incorporates the symbol of the old mans eye in The Tell-Tale Heart, which has both physical and psychological meaning, it alsoRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Purloined Letter 1232 Words   |  5 Pagescharacteristics of Gothic, shown by the deaths and supernatural events that may occur. To begin, â€Å"The Black Cat† features an insane drunk who Poe uses to show the inherent wickedness of man. The story begins with the main character stating, â€Å"Mad am I not-and very surely do I not dream†, to immediately try convincing the readers that he is not insane and that these events are true (Poe 512). He tries to convince the readers further of his lack of insanity by describing himself as a nice man and an animal lover

Essay Impact of Self Esteem on Daily Life - 1811 Words

This paper is about the impact of self-esteem on daily life. The more negative thoughts and feelings you have about yourself, the lower your self-esteem. People with low self-esteem often have little confidence in their abilities and question their self-worth. A common scenario, which exemplifies a lack of self-esteem, features college students who say, It wont do any good to study. I wont make a good grade anyway. These students think they are doomed to failure because of poor performance in the past or their current fears of failure. Consequently, their lack of self-confidence results in passivity with little or no effort to establish goals. Even when they do make worthwhile accomplishments, these students perceive that the†¦show more content†¦This portion of the paper will be covering development of self-esteem in students and school age children. Self-esteem is an issue that people as well as children develop individually. Teachers play a major role in challenging and assisting the development of self-esteem. This issue has been defined in the Internet article, Developing self-esteem through challenging education experiences by Nancy Holiday. Nancy gives five ways to develop self-esteem in children. The five most used ways to develop self- esteem are; games, trust experiences, communication activities, initiatives, and rope course activities. (Holiday pp.2) â€Å"These activities are developed in areas in which children can relate to and if performed by instructors correctly, children can use for a lifetime†. Another way to develop self-esteem in children is to teach them leadership with exercises that make them think critically. These activities have a dual purpose. They not only help children develop self-esteem through leadership roles; they also help children learn to work as a group and become team players. Self-esteem in children and in adults develops from a need to feel important, a want to belong and a feeling of accomplishment. Team leadership and team player are two words that carry weight in this area. These methods of help, help children learn to take control of situations as a leader and accomplish a difficult task with a group. The action takes on a positive effect ofShow MoreRelatedFacebook And Its Negative Effect On Its Users1216 Words   |  5 PagesFacebook and Its Negative Effect On Its Users Facebook, the number one online based networking. Nowadays, everyone must have heard of or used the application. But only few people realize the negative impact Facebook leaves on users. Such as privacy, attitude, and behavior. In 2004, Mark Zuckerberg who recently dropped out of Harvard University, in order to chase a dream of creating the world social networking. And the young guy s ambition did pay off. Now the guy has become a millionaire, and aRead MoreThe Importance Of Self Esteem1630 Words   |  7 PagesBU 110 25 October 2016 The Importance of Self-Esteem It is often said that if an individual wishes to succeed in life they must have confidence. That in order to handle difficult situations it is confidence that will see them through. But what if that’s wrong? What if there was a lesser known, subtly more powerful force that would allow an individual to succeed and be resilient to those difficult situations? Often confused with confidence, it is self-esteem that is a powerful mechanism affecting mentalRead MoreOptimism’s Effect on Psychological and Physical Health909 Words   |  4 Pagesconfident that there is a positive outcome to any situation and hopeful for a positive life in the future. It is also believed that those who tend to be more pessimistic than others have a larger amount of stress which can ultimately cause physical illness and emotional/mental exhaustion. There are many factors taken into consideration when measuring optimism’s effect on our health; some factors include the impact of optimism on o ne’s recovery from illness, coping skills, and responses to behavioralRead MoreSelf Esteem By Carol Craig1090 Words   |  5 PagesSelf-Esteem can be harmful and make people very self centered, but others lack confidence and need a boost of self-esteem. Self-esteem is a very important factor in various reasons that happens in people’s daily life. With no type of thought people don’t think or take self-esteem with importance without realizing that self-esteem is a huge thing that us humans depend for our daily activities. Some shifts that have happened toward self- esteem over the past few decades were the fact that many peopleRead MorePsychological Effects Of Exercise On The Body s Overall Health1736 Words   |  7 PagesPsychological Effects of Exercise It is a well-kenned fact that exercise is very propitious to the body’s overall health. Exercise has been shown to enhance the circulation of blood throughout the body, relinquish solicitousness, boost self-esteem, and ultimately is utilized as a treatment for noetic illnesses. This paper perpetuates to expand fortifying major health benefits of conventional physical activity and exercise. However, there is withal a growing body of erudition that substantiatesRead MoreSelf Esteem And Self-Esteem832 Words   |  4 Pageshave an impact on how you feel about yourself. These daily experiences are why people’s thoughts and feelings about themselves fluctuate. All of these thoughts about oneself is self-esteem. Self esteem or â€Å"confidence in ones own worth or abilities; self-respect† (Merriam-Webster) can be portrayed in two different ways. The first way is having a habit of negative thinking about oneself which is low self-esteem, and the second way is high self-esteem made from positive thoughts. Positive self esteemRead MoreThe Influence Of Media Reporting On Society s Perception Of Beauty1730 Words   |  7 PagesIn the words of Emma Stone, â€Å"you’re a human being, you live once and life is wonderful, so eat the damn red velvet cupcake† ( 2010, page number). It is evident that over the last decade the media has created an image that is unrealistic and unattainable for teenage girls. As such, based upon a macro perspective, the societal roles, status and expectations of young women have been impacted negatively. This paper will analyze how the combination of media reporting, socioeconomics and socioculturalRead MoreSocial Media and Its Impact on Social Behavior1455 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Media and its Impact on Social Behavior Social Media and its Impact on Social Behavior Introduction Social media has drastically changed how people communicate. How many people remember how it feels to hear the phone ring in the house or receive a letter in the mail? Today’s youth know nothing other than text messages, tweets, and Facebook. Social media and the social entertaining websites of today have affected social behavior in many ways. While there are many advantages to this technologicalRead MoreThe Good, The Bad, And The Ugly : Sides Of Social Media Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pagessocial media gives off. Cyber bullying is more prominent in today s world since smartphones have advanced and 73% of teens have access to them on a daily basis. At least 52% of young people are victims of cyber bullying; all of this negativity on social media leads teens to depression, loss of academic success, and also brings down their self esteem. Serious health problems, such as depression, have been linked as an effect of cyber bullying. This type of depression even has a name, it is calledRead MoreSocial Anxiety Disorder ( Sad )1238 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Anxiety Disorder Affecting One’s Life Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is the most common mental illness in the United States. About 40 million people suffer from this mental disorder. Many tend to confuse this disorder with shyness and nervousness, which are not considered a part of the phobia. Having a SAD can interfere with one’s daily life cycle. People who have SAD often starts to develop this illness during their childhood and adolescence years. Patients are

Chinese Education - 1819 Words

Chinese Education The Education system in China although different than Americas has many good qualities. The view of Education in China has changed dramatically over the last forty years; it has gone from there being no real system to one that is held up to be one of the best in the world. In this paper I will go through the history of Chinese education and show how much it truly has changed. I will also look at how it is now and what China can expect for its future. In 1949 The Peoples Republic of China was formed by the Communist party. This happened after much struggle between the communists and the nationalists. The leader of the communist party and the new Peoples Republic was Mao Zedong. When the communists took over China†¦show more content†¦The Chinese educational system is the biggest educational system in the world. There are 330,000,000 students in China! This is greater than the entire population of the United States of America! The education system goes through grades pre-kind ergarten (before age 6) to post graduate (2-3 years for Masters; 2-3 years for Doctorates). The Chinese educational system is not a balanced educational system. While there are some schools in the cities that can match some of our western countries in terms of resourcing the vast majority of schools are in the countryside. The Chinese educational system is a highly competitive educational system. Because of the huge population waiting to be educated, and the limited space in colleges and universities, entrance to higher educational institutions must be very competitive. The Chinese educational system is a centralised educational system. The legislation of education rests not locally or provincially but centrally, with the Ministry. One of the reasons that the education system has continued to grow and change is because of the help from foreign countries. The reason for this aid is because the different countries have seen and heard about the state of education in China. It is because they value education at such a high standard that they are offering their help. Education is the way to the future. The people who are educated are going to be the ones that run the country and if foreignShow MoreRelatedEssay on Chinese Education1774 Words   |  8 PagesChinese Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Education system in China although different than America’s has many good qualities. The view of Education in China has changed dramatically over the last forty years; it has gone from there being no real system to one that is held up to be one of the best in the world. In this paper I will go through the history of Chinese education and show how much it truly has changed. I will also look at how it is now and what China can expect for its future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1949Read MoreEssay on U.S. and Chinese Education4371 Words   |  18 PagesU.S. and Chinese Education Causation For Choosing This Topic I must confess I believed, until I two months ago, the Chinese education system is a totally mistake. I do not like it and as far as I know, a lot of Chinese students hold the same idea like me. I asked several Chinese graduate students who are now studying in US if they are satisfied with their elementary and middle school year’s study, or say, do they think those studies benefit their future life. Their answers are all negativeRead MoreInformation Analysis : Chinese Education897 Words   |  4 PagesInformation analysis: Chinese education is to be improved Last year, the Chinese Ministry of Education to introduce new reform of the education system. Although China s education system is the strongest in the world and thought, recent studies have shown that there are a number of drawbacks. The main problem is the failure of Chinese education shedding talented students with great potential. This system emphasizes the ordinary students, and those who do not fit, too frequent cancellation. Why isRead MoreAmerica And Chinese Education System1792 Words   |  8 Pageshujun Wu English 102 Professor Rosenquist 6 July 2016 America and Chinese Education System The differences that exist between the Chinese and American education systems are great and obvious. However, some of these differences don’t play to the strengths of the representative country. American schools allow for greater freedom of movement and choice, while Chinese schools decide the â€Å"what†, â€Å"where†, and â€Å"how† of educational circumstance for the students (Bush, tony, and Qiang Haiyan). These differencesRead MoreDifferences Between Chinese and Western Education2004 Words   |  9 PagesDifferences between Chinese and Western Education Most Chinese parents like to ask, â€Å"How old should be the best age for children to study overseas?† â€Å"Is the foundational education as good as China in other countries?† As the matter of fact, the argument about advantages and disadvantages between Chinese Education and Western Education is keeping on all the time. This question is also one major concern among those students who are considering going abroad. In order to find out the most suitable wayRead MoreChinese Education System and the American Education System Essay1543 Words   |  7 Pagesxing 3/31 ENG Chinese education system and the American education system The differences between the Chinese education and the American education are more obvious in people’s mind, not only to the international students, but also to the native students and some people who study on this. As more and more Chinese students come to America to have better education, we should think about why the American education system is better and how could we change our system to have a new education system in ChinaRead MoreU.s. American And Chinese Education Practices2852 Words   |  12 Pagesculture is to have a relationship between yourself and others. Now this concept explains how Chinese and U.S. America culture shapes their value, which impact those children’s education. 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By illustrating Chinese and British education culture differences in learning methods, center of class, teaching approaches, and the importance attached to teachers and

An Exploration Of The American Dream - 1208 Words

An Exploration of The American Dream The American dream is common to all people, yet it is something that everybody sees in diverse ways. The American dream is different for everybody, except they share a proportion of its aspects (Luhrmann et al. 21). The dream is mostly dependent on the setting of where one lives as well as one s social class. Every American dream is to a degree distinctive, yet they all identify with the times that one lives in. Identity is developed through a few different ways in Fitzgerald s Great Gatsby. The word identity refers to a set of individual and behavioral qualities which characterize a person as a member of a particular group (Allitt 14). In view of race, ethnicity, religion, dialect and society, individuals separate themselves from different groups and structure their comprehension as well as pride in who they are. The American Dream along with Identity are two themes which Fitzgerald has focused on in the novel The Great Gatsby. For the book s focal character, the status of Gatsby is autocratic, as well as an ambition (Rubio 2). In his personalities, embracing an ambitious identity would afford him the confidence, integrity, and reason they see as inadequate. Jay Gatsby starts his life recognizing as oppressed destitute–then attempts independently to exemplify an identity which he does not fit. Jay Gatsby, being an American Dream ambassador, has ambitions upon which he plans to capitalize on, and he does in superficial aspects.Show MoreRelated Fitzgeralds Exploration of the American Dream in The Great Gatsby702 Words   |  3 Pages Fitzgeralds Exploration of the American Dream in The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, is a one of the best stories written during a chaotic period in our nation’s history, The Jazz Age. The Twenties were a time of social experiments, self-indulgence, and dissatisfaction for majority of Americans. Fitzgerald depicts all these characteristics throughout the novel with his interesting themes, settings, and characters. The most elaborate and symbolic character FitzgeraldRead MoreHannah Runyan. Pellegrino. Block 2/3. 2 March 2017. Evolution1481 Words   |  6 PagesHannah Runyan Pellegrino Block 2/3 2 March 2017 Evolution of The American Dream Americans drastically shifted from wanting the basics in life as the ‘American Dream’ to wanting more than they ever thought was attainable; this fueled American spirits after the Great Depression and gave them something to aim for. The term ‘The American Dream’ was coined by historian and author James Truslow Adams in his 1931 book The Epic America. He spoke of â€Å". . . a land in which life should be better and richerRead MoreAmerican Beauty Film Analysis878 Words   |  4 Pagesportrayed American suburbia as a hotbed of dysfunction. 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Very few things in my life have been more inspirational than watching her, a poor woman with a husband and four children, graduate summa cum laude from college. nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Ever sinceRead MoreColumbus - Hero or Condemned? Essay example697 Words   |  3 PagesA great hero from Europe or a man with only himself and his people in mind? Many people believe that he was a hero whose discoveries lead to the possibilities we have in America today, while many other condemn him for the deaths of many Native Americans that occurred to make it possible to live in America today. What would someone like me see in Columbus’ discoveries and enslavements? He introduced the Europeans to new products and ways of financial expansion. Even though Columbus gave us a headRead MoreNational Aeronautics and Space Administration Analysis1315 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1969, millions of Americans watched in rapture as the first human being set foot on the alien landscape of the moon. The country rejoiced in this exhibition of our abilities, this application of our knowledge. Now, with the decimation of NASA’s budget, those glory days are over.Government funding for the space agency is at an all-time low, and the space shuttle program is being retired. No longer can the United States send people to the moon, or into space at all for that matter. The countryRead MoreStrong And Rustic Exploration : Lewis And Clark1145 Words   |  5 PagesRobust and rustic exploration has always been seen as part of the American character. Lewis and Clark are viewed as the original American adventurers who defined westward exploration; they were daring and brave pioneers, ready to venture into the new world. Except, the West was not uncharted territory. It was not a thicket of fir trees and wandering wolves, ready for the white men to obviate their loneliness. Yet, the new Americans saw themselves as the prime candidates to take over and do as theyRead MoreSpace Exploration Is The Solution For All Of Our Problems1289 Words   |  6 PagesSpace exploration is the solution to all of our problems. Fact. Population control spi ralling out of control? Colonise. Running out of energy? Solar Generators on a dedicated space station. It’s shockingly simple. Yes, the cost of it, and the time it would take to set up, and the resources it would require to take up could be better spent. If we didn’t take massive risks now and again, we would all still be in the Dark Ages. The Apollo Program was a massive expenditure, and it was a massive riskRead MoreThe, White Cloud Worn By Astronauts1406 Words   |  6 Pagesthe reason behind space exploration is a misunderstood concept that is often attributed just to human curiosity and endeavor, leading to the question of whether or not it is worth risking lives for something that seemingly provides no benefit. Regardless of this, the development of the astronaut suit in America has been intricate; consequently, there are high hopes that the suit being developed for deep-space exploration will succeed and that with its completion the dream of today’s soc iety to reachRead MoreGatsby American Dream Essay1363 Words   |  6 Pages The American Dream The great Gatsby is a classic novel in which money is centered around everything. All Jay Gatsby wants to do is live the American dream. Some say Gatsby did live the American dream. Though Gatsby made lots of money and threw tons of parties their was one thing he was missing. The thing Gatsby was missing was a peaceful state of mind and a lover. In this book written by Scott Fitzgerald called The Great Gatsby Jay Gatsby finds out the American Dream isn t attainable

Pension reform in Europe Free Essays

Task 6 Are future pensions secured? Bruno Miguel Silva Abrantes Current Issues in Economic Policy Academic year 2012-2013 Contents Are pensions secured? Understanding pensions Pensions aim to handle the transition of a person as worker to retired. So that he enjoy an income provided by the state or another organization and maintain a similar standard of living to what he had while employed and thus have a comfortable life economically, until the end of his life. The second objective of a pension is related to the fght against poverty which is done through a redistribution of income that romotes equity, within the elderly class. We will write a custom essay sample on Pension reform in Europe or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 There is a growing concern on the part of the European Commission on the sustainability of pension systems in the various countries of the European Union. The recent financial and economic crisis has revealed weaknesses that several countries have and bring into question the sustainability of the pension system. Economic growth slowed, unemployment has risen and the public accounts are in poor condition. One of the more serious implications on future pensions is related to the fact that a large part of the population remains unemployed or is forced to accept Jobs where they get lower ncomes, or work less time, which will result in a lower pension. 2 Further compounding the situation is a major demographic trend towards an aging population. The increase in life expectancy over the past decades, combined with low fertility rates is creating a change in the composition of the population. The number of active workers will decrease while the number of people who are retired will increase. Moreover, the numbers of years that a person remains employed is dwindling, partly because people start to work later, due to the many years spent in education. On the other hand there is a great tendency in obtaining early retirement ue to existing policies and management ot age in What are the main systems of pension funding? the labor market. In several countries of the EIJ-27 the public sector is largely responsible for pensions, early retirement, disability and survivors. However there are some differences between the various members of the European Union at the level of pensions related to occupational or private pensions. In a generalized way pensions can be classified into three pillars: The public social security system, mandatory or voluntary occupational schemes and voluntary private schemes. The first, public social security system is undoubtedly largely responsible for the allocation of pensions to the population in most member states of the EIJ-27. This pillar can be characterized mainly by the Pay-as-you-go system (PAYG). In this system pensions are financed directly from taxes and social contributions that workers are paying in the present. The taxes are used to pay pensions in the short-term instead of being used to create funds that may grow in the long-term and benefit future generations. 3 Schemes within the second pillar can be mandatory or voluntary occupational schemes. Participation in these funds is usually mandated by law and aims to provide an adequate pension to retired people according to what they saved during their working life. These funds are created by a company or organization in order to provide proper pensions to their employees, which should correspond to the effort and contribution the workers exercised. Both the employee and the employer contribute to the fund, which grows with the return rates that vary with the state of the market and the economy. The amount of the pension depends on the number of years of service and final salary of the employee. These funds are important to relieve the responsibility of the state to secure pensions in the whole population, but also because it is believed that these organizations are able to grow a fund more effectively than the state would. 4 The third and final pillar is characterized by private schemes. These are schemes that help people to accumulate savings for their retirement. The people who wish to do so can choose from a wide range of schemes who best match their needs. There are funds that are riskier; however the contribution that person does is less than the benefit you will receive if all goes well. On the other hand there are safer funds in which the benefit will match the contribution made. Typically these funds are voluntary and are complementary to government reforms that people receive from the state. 5 Looking at table 7(in appendix) we can divide public pensions, which are part of the first pillar of pensions in various sub-groups. Among which we can find Minimum pension / social allowance, Old age, early retirement, disability and survivors’ pensions. Early- retirement, old-age pensions, disability and survivors’ pension exist in almost all 27 member states. Early retirement does not exist in the Netherlands, Malta, United Kingdom and Norway. These schemes operate mostly in the form of earnings-related, which means that pensions are assigned according to what people earned and contributed during their working life. However not all countries have adopted this scheme in the same way. In Denmark, survival and disability pensions are awarded according toa flat rate, offering a pension with a fixed value over time. This way of organizing pensions can promote greater social equity it the people who are the target of these flat-rate pensions have not worked or contributed enough to receive a ension that is sufficient to have a good quality of life in old age. However the state has to make an extra effort to fund this pension scheme, an effort that ultimately fall on taxpayers, since the people who will receive these pension contributed less than the amount of pension they will receive. Minimum pension or social allowance schemes exist in all EIJ member-state. These pensions are usually means-tested, in the sense that people are tested to understand whether they are , that is according to what the person has earned and contributed as an employee, or if they did not ork and had no and any gain if they have worked and which contributed received is not enough to access a normal pension. This type of pension is normally financed by taxes on citizens rather than individual contributions of individuals to pension funds. In the 2nd pillar we find Mandatory / voluntary schemes occupation. How to cite Pension reform in Europe, Papers

Family and Domestic Violence Strategy-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Family and Domestic Violence Strategy 2016-2019. Answer: Overview of the Policy Domestic violence is conducting violence, threatening or an intended to cause the family or the members of the house to be fearful. It includes physical violence, sexual abuse, financial abuse, emotional abuse, stalking, deprivation of liberty, serious negligence towards dependencies, and damage to property, verbal abuse, cultural abuse, spiritual abuse and exposing a child to these behaviours (Mulayim, Jackson Lai, 2016). In 2011, council of Australian Government endorsed The National Plan to reduce violence against Women and their children 2010-2022 to acknowledge that further action was required urgently in three identified fields. Those are: National Domestic Violence Order of DVO national law model Maintaining the national standard to ensure the guilt in violence should get the same standard judgement across the nation. New strategies to keep women safe from cyber-abuse. The department of human services is responsible for delivering all the health, social and welfare services and organises campaigns for the government of Australia. Their vision is to excellence in the provision of government services to every Australian and mission is to connect all the Australians to the services they need which they outlined in their strategic plan for 2015-2019 along with four other strategic themes to underpin their activities (Ogbo et al., 2017). Those are to support the ministries and the government in reducing violence ensuring support for the people, enhancing the capabilities of the staffs to provide the best services to the people, working with the government and nongovernment stakeholders to support people struggling with family and domestic violence, to develop innovative approach to improve and transform services and systems. The term family and domestic violence has been used in this case because of the reason that violent behaviours are not necessarily limited to the family members connected by marriage, instead they can also include current or past relationship where people were dating or living together, relationship involving carers where care is provided to older peoples (Hunter et al., 2016). Family and domestic violence can affect people belonging to any background, but in researches, it is found that some groups or individuals are more vulnerable that includes Torres Strait Islander Australians, women culturally and linguistically from diverse backgrounds especially immigrants, people with disabilities and belonging to the LGBT community. The department will always protect the privacy of the victims who have disclosed domestic violence issues. This strategy is inclusive of five principles. Principle 1: Family and aggressive behaviour at home are never worthy - Family and abusive behaviour at home is inadmissible in any shape. Our first need when reacting to influenced clients and staff will be their security and prosperity (Lundqvist, 2016). We will give a steady administration condition to customers and a protected working environment for staff who have been influenced by family and aggressive behaviour at home. Principle 2: We abstain from setting fault - The obligation regarding family or aggressive behaviour at home dependably lies with the individual who utilises savagery. We will refrain from placing fault or a heavy weight of verification on the person influenced by family and abusive behaviour at home. Principle 3: We react consciously - Family and abusive behaviour at home is horrible and sabotaging and can be hard to unveil. We will respond with deference and affect an ability to clients and staff influenced by family and abusive behaviour at home and will enable them to settle on educated choices to free of pressure. Principle 4: We offer help - We will keep on building the attitudes of staff to perceive and react to family and abusive behaviour at home. We will provide support to clients influenced by family and aggressive behaviour at home, regardless of whether they are in danger of, encountering or individuals who utilise viciousness. We will bolster contrasts, including sex, sexuality, culture, age, capacity and foundation. Principle 5: We work cooperatively - We will work cooperatively with government and non-government segments and will share our way to deal with decrease the effect of family and abusive behaviour at home. Effect of the Policy Majority of the people would think positively about domestic violence strategy and agree that it violence in any form is not acceptable. Rather, they should get punishments for this kind of behaviour according to the law and it is fair concerning the mental and emotional health of the victim and well upbringing of the children with protection from the abusive partners (Ranstorp et al., 2016). Gender discrimination is the main reason behind domestic violence where in most cases males tends to believe they are superior than females and thus they suppresses the voice of the women. The problems and difficulties that make a man depressed or spark the anger and they take revenge for those small thinks by mistreating their women thinking that they are weak. Dealing with diverse group of people was the biggest challenge before implementation of this law. However, the law succeeded to reach the diverse group of people through its dedicated channels. Now, availability of help in a range of different languages developed a new national platform where people who were detached from the mainstream society received the help that they needed. People of the Torres Strait Island who were linguistically and culturally different from other Australians got support also in the remote locations, earlier who were absolutely left behind. Implementation of these strict rules to protect the victims also reduced the number of crimes targeting women or olds at some point. Regularly engagement with the local people and national community support helped the victims to get assistance quickly like never before (Othman, Goddard Piterman, 2014). Domestic Violence when tends to take place for a long period of time it badly affect the victims mental health too, also it causes negative changes in behaviour of the victims, Whereas this support system helped the victims to deal with situation along with rehabilitate them for their future. Along them all the positive changes that this strategy made, there are some loopholes remained within this law. The more powerfully it condemns and takes action against when women and old are the target of the violence (Fisher, 2013). However, men are also prone to face the violence from their other counterpart that is not given more concern in this case. Misuse of this law is also another negative effect in this case where in some case it is seen that women filed wrong accusation on men when they are not satisfied with their behaviour or something that they want (Lundqvist, 2016). When the men do not accept or agree with the women in any important matter that is related to the future of the women, the women tend to misuse this law to get benefits out of it. There are some negative and positive effects of this strategy, one of the most positive changes that it made in the society is that earlier the victims could not share their problems publicly for getting the desired solution, but now seeing one people raising voice against the violence others also get the emotional courage to raise their voice against whatever being happened with them. Problems, issues, benefits of the policy The problem regarding this strategy is that it more effectively condemns domestic violence and provides support for the victims to deal with the situation. In addition, making a better peaceful future for them but it does not give much effort on how the person who is the guilt in the violence should be treated or what punishment should be given to them (Roberts, Chamberlain Delfabbro, 2015). Different ethnic groups living in Australia are also getting benefits from this strategy but where the ratio of violence is at its height there no action is being taken or those societies are not given any support to improve their mentality, as long as people does not change their mentality violence is not going to decrease (Fisher, 2013). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women experience both far higher rates and more severe forms of family violence compared to other women (Lundqvist, 2016). Acknowledge that family savagery is not a common part of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander societies. Family savagery is a major issue for some Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people group around the country. Native and Torres Strait Islander individuals are in the vicinity of two and five times more probable than different Australians to encounter brutality as casualties are or guilty parties are. Native and Torres Strait Islander ladies are five times as liable to endure physical manhandle, and three times as prone to encounter sexual savagery, at that point other Australian women in the earlier year. Native and Torres Strait Islander women are 35 times more likely to be hospitalised because of family viciousness related strikes than other Australian women (Goodey, 2017). As per the Australian Productivity Commission, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ladies are twice as liable to bite the dust as a result of family brutality contrasted with other Australian women. Family viciousness is a noteworthy supporter of kids being expelled from their families. Native and Torres Strait Islander children are more than nine times as prone to be on care and assurance requests and ten times more inclined to be in out of home care than non-Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youngsters (Jones, 2016). Without intercession, the cost of brutality executed against Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ladies is assessed to be $2.2 billion out of 2021-22, incorporating costs related with torment, enduring, sudden passing and well-being costs. Family brutality is an altogether under-revealed wrongdoing. Native and Torres Strait Islander women have brought down announcing rates than non-Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women have and are known to confront appropriate and extra boundaries to detailing (Schnetler, 2015). Native and Torres Strait Islander women are five times more inclined to be casualties of manslaughter than other Australian women are. More than half (55%) of these murders are related to family violence. Critical reception response The Queensland Government is additionally making a move to end political and family savagery using the methodologies by the administration of Australia. The Domestic and Family Violence Prevention Strategy 2016-2019 is a vehicle to drive change over all segments of the Queensland people group (Stubbs and Wangmann, 2017). It sets the direction for collaborative action to end domestic and family violence in Queensland, encouraging partnerships between the government, community and business. The Strategy outlines a shared vision and a set of principles to guide action across the administration and the community, including a staged 10-year plan on how we will get there. Our reforms, outlined in the Strategy, will recognise the victims perspective, prioritise their safety, and reduce the onus on them to take action or leave their home (Walby et al., 2017). We will focus on educating frontline professionals to help them recognise and respond to domestic and family violence, creating safe communities and workplaces that support victims, providing efficient services that efficiently wrap around the victim, and ensuring our legal system supports victims and holds perpetrators to account (Wendt, Chung Elder, 2015). The Strategy also continues to build on the productive work already being done by the community services sector to address domestic and family violence. It covers a three year period from July 2016 to June 2019, continuing the essential work of implementing the recommendations of the landmark Not Now, Not Ever: Putting an end to domestic and family violence in Queensland report (Dural, 2016). The next three years will see enhanced action through new signature initiatives that will form the foundation for transformation. This includes the roll out of specialist domestic and family violence courts, integrated service responses with specialist teams to prioritise victims and their safety, and cultural transformation through communication and engagement program to help change attitudes and behaviours of Queenslanders toward domestic and family violence (Costa et al., 2015). The Queensland Government has demonstrated its commitment to this second action plan, announcing in the 2016-17 Budget a record $198.2 million over five years to tackle domestic and family in Queensland. This conveys add up to subsidising to date to execute the admini stration's reaction to the Not Now, Not Ever answer to $233.8 million more than five years. Current position on the policy The year 2017 saw the development of government's financial plan for the family and aggressive behaviour at home to bring activities and manage the issue consistently. Although for several year the federal government of Australia was negligent towards funding in this issue more seriously but now the national housing and homeless agreement will secure the long term funding for womens refuge that will begin in 2018 (Cooke, 2017). Along with that the government also supported announcing comprehensive review of the family law system to make sure that domestic violence perpetrators are no given right to do cross-questioning on their victims in their family court. It is better to be understood that this will now be legislated and specialist units will be set up in the family court, these are victories for victims escaping violence. On the other hand, funding is also done to increase support and provide legal services for the groups who are most at the risk. The national leaders has always said that family violence is a national emergency but they have not invested much that was needed for the victims. According to the experts, an urgent injection of four billion dollar is required to deal with this most vital crisis (Chappell Curtin, 2013). A continuing fight is needed to keep the family violence on the national level agenda so that the maximum supports services are taken from the global audience that will ensure safety for all people who will be able to stay safe escaping the danger from their home References Chappell, L., Curtin, J. (2013). Does federalism matter? Evaluating state architecture and family and domestic violence policy in Australia and New Zealand.Publius: The Journal of Federalism,43(1), 24-43. Cooke, L. (2017). Pathology of Patriarchy and Family Inequalities. Costa, B. M., Kaestle, C. E., Walker, A., Curtis, A., Day, A., Toumbourou, J. W., Miller, P. (2015). Longitudinal predictors of domestic violence perpetration and victimization: A systematic review.Aggression and violent behavior,24, 261-272. Dural, S. (2016).The violence against women policy of the AKP government and the diyanet(Master's thesis). Fisher, C. (2013). Changed and changing gender and family roles and domestic violence in African refugee background communities post-settlement in Perth, Australia.Violence Against Women,19(7), 833-847. Goodey, J. (2017). Violence Against Women: Placing Evidence From a European UnionWide Survey in a Policy Context.Journal of Interpersonal Violence,32(12), 1760-1791. Hunter, T., Botfield, J. R., Estoesta, J., Markham, P., Robertson, S., McGeechan, K. (2016). Experience of domestic violence routine screening in Family Planning NSW clinics.Sexual health,14(2), 155-163. Jones, I. (2016). De-escalating Interventions for Troubled Adolescents. Lundqvist, E. (2016). Intervening Religious and Cultural Based Violence Against Children in Indonesia: A Theortical Analysis. Mulayim, S., Jackson, M., Lai, M. (2016). 10 Domestic violence in Australia.Domestic Violence in International Context,27, 165. Ogbo, F. A., Eastwood, J., Page, A., Arora, A., McKenzie, A., Jalaludin, B., ... Chaves, K. (2017). Prevalence and determinants of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding in the early postnatal period in Sydney, Australia.International breastfeeding journal,12(1), 16. Othman, S., Goddard, C., Piterman, L. (2014). Victims barriers to discussing domestic violence in clinical consultations: A qualitative enquiry.Journal of interpersonal violence,29(8), 1497-1513. Ranstorp, M., Gustafsson, L., Hyllengren, P., Ahlin, F. (2016). Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism. Roberts, D., Chamberlain, P., Delfabbro, P. (2015). Women's experiences of the processes associated with the family court of Australia in the context of domestic violence: A thematic analysis.Psychiatry, Psychology and Law,22(4), 599-615. Schnetler, J. (2015). Strategic direction of the Criminal Justice System 2015-2019: summation of official strategic documentation.Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology,2015(Special Edition 4), 8-21. Stubbs, J., Wangmann, J. (2017). Australian Perspectives on Domestic Violence. InGlobal Responses to Domestic Violence(pp. 167-188). Springer, Cham. Walby, S., Towers, J., Balderston, S., Corradi, C., Francis, B., Heiskanen, M., ... Stckl, H. (2017).The concept and measurement of violence against women and men(p. 192). Policy Press. Wendt, S., Chung, D., Elder, A. (2015). Understanding the effect of social and geographical isolation on women's ability to seek help following domestic and family violence: A research project.Parity,28(9), 75.

Domestic and International Destinations †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Domestic and International Destinations. Answer: Introduction: The case study actually focuses on the Tune Group from Malaysia have managed their vision of the CEO Tony Fernendes. It has beared a strong form of resemblance to the Virgin group where Fernandes have previously worked. Within ten years, the group has developed from being the two plane defunct of the Airline company that are burdened with the debt of the choices of the lifestyle for the millions of the customers that have the array of the products and the services that can be bought from the group. However, Fernendes and his fellow investors and his managers have found various ways to monetize the various parts of the core group of the operations and their main is to keep the cost to be as low as possible. In ten years, the group has remained very much true to the values of the services that are allowed for serving. The lifestyle of the brand have evolved for the lifestyle of the brand that are coming up for Asia and connecting the millions of the people who are both tangibly and vir tually through the travel and remains consistent with the various experiences across the range of the products and services. The case also explores the structures and a strategy applied for the corporate that are developed by the groups and asks about the potential in the future. In the month of December 2001, just a few of the months after the attacks of the terrorist in New York and Washington made the business of the International Airline reeling. The new company of Malaysia named Tune Air had them purchased a small group who were underperforming the domestic Malaysian Airline known as Air Asia for one Malaysian ringgit and the assumption was of the million ringgits in the debt. Conclusion: However, within eleven months for acquiring the company, the Tune Air has been able to repay all the debts and by the end of January 2003, the company was able to operate the six aircrafts in their domestic nation. However, it was observes that in the year 2006, Air Asia have managed to boast a fleet of thirty five Boeing 737-300 aircrafts and eight Airbus 320 with the orders that was for hundred more A320s. They were literally forecasted to carry nine million passengers for the fifty-two domestic and the international destinations.

Scandian Myth Essays - Flood Myths, Greek Mythology,

Scandian Myth The Scandinavian myth of creation begins by presenting Odin as the All-Father, a god that is older and mightier than all other beings. Being the ruler of all living things, Odin was responsible for the creation of the skies in the heavens and the ground on the earth. Soon after his formation the planet, the deity composed the first man, breathing life into his body and providing generously a soul to the frame. Even with such apparent power and control over the world, Odin the All-Father, was not the first creature. Before Odin there was only a great emptiness called Ginnungagap and was the only thing that existed. Niflheim, an area filled with mist and ice, was fashioned in the abyss along with Muspellsheim, a section in the south of intense heat and fire. Yggdrasil, the world-tree, and her nemesis, Nidhogg, an evil serpent, were spawned to occupy the space as well. The two points of cold and hot, Niflheim and Muspellsheim, collided into each other, melting the ice with a strong fire. From the interaction, Ymir was formed, the frost-giant who adopted the shape of humans. Giants were produce from his perspiration, causing a massive cow to be grown to feed them. The cow began to lick the ice, resulting in the appearance of hair, a head, and then a full body named Buri. From Buri three gods, Odin, Vili, Ve, were born, producing a new race that killed Ymir. The offspring of Ymir, the giants, drowned in immense sea of his blood. His body made land and his skull into the heavens by three gods. Dwarfs were molded from the maggots that consumed Ymir`s body, while the first man was created from an ash tree and a woman from a vine. In Greece, the origins of creation were not drastically different, referring to the story of King Lycaon of Arcadia. Lycaon was a conventional ruler and man of the age, having no regard for other mortals, beasts, or even gods. Zeus, the god above all others, masquerading carefully in a human form, visited the castle of the great king only to find him and his nobles in celebration. As a practice of the day, the god sat down at the table and ordered a hot meal, expecting a hospitable welcome as a visitor. Having seen through Zeus's ruse, Lycaon replaced him intended dinner with that of human limbs, an effort to murder the god. Zeus rose from the table, scorned and furious, removing all who were present at the banquet with his mighty wrath except for one, Lycaon, a man that was transformed into a wolf. In an attempt to eradicate the mortals, Zeus commanded a flood to be spread upon the earth once he reverted to his original form at Mount Olympus. The creator of humans, a titan Prometheus, forewarned Deucalion, his mortal son, of the destructive plans, allowing him to gather his wife Pyrrha and rations before the danger. Deucaltion and Pyrrha, two individuals that were in Zeus's favor, survived by resting on a chest for nine days and nights, remaining after all mortals had be destroyed. Both looked to the goddess of the titans, Themis, for council, praying for advice of the situation. The goddess instructed for Deucalion to throw stones over his shoulder, resulting in the creation of men, and directed Pyrrha to perform the same, generating women upon the earth from stone. Bibliography Work Cited Crystal, Ellie. ?Greece - Creational Myths.? Creation 28 Sept. 2001 . Crystal, Ellie. ?Scandinavian Creational Myths ? Odin.? Creation 28 Sept. 2001 . Mythology Essays